Only one incomplete Elasmosaurus skeleton is definitely known, consisting of a fragmentary skull, the spine, and the pectoral and pelvic girdles, and a single species is recognized today; other species are now considered invalid or have been moved to other genera. /URI (http://oogoro.easterndns.com/Sso-t) /SMask /None>> The occasional presence of seals is one of the theories to explain the Loch Ness Monster, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons. 4"; he excavated it with the help of George B. Cledenning and Capt. [11] In 1874 Harry Seeley took issue with Cope's identification of clavicles in the shoulder girdle of Elasmosaurus, asserting that the supposed clavicles were actually scapulae. Geoffrey Briggs Tasmania on November 02, 2019: Even the bible mentions the leviathan and the behemoth and the Norwegian kraken. [2], In 1869 Cope scientifically described and figured Elasmosaurus, and the preprint version of the manuscript contained a reconstruction of the skeleton which he had earlier presented during his report at an ANSP meeting in September 1868. It became broader towards the front, where it was almost the same breadth as the centrum of the atlas. [58] Pravoslavlev recognized another species from New Zealand, E. hoodii, named by Owen in 1870 as Plesiosaurus hoodii based on a neck vertebra. [19], In 2017 Sachs and Joachim Ladwig suggested that a fragmentary elasmosaurid skeleton from the upper Campanian of Kronsmoor in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and housed in the Naturkunde-Museum Bielefeld, may have belonged to Elasmosaurus. The neural arches were also more robust there than in the axis, and the neural canal was higher. 8 0 obj (?) Alcheringa (advance online publication) doi: "Osteology Of The Cryptoclidoid Plesiosaur, "A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, northeastern Alberta, Canada", 10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0792:ANEPFT]2.0.CO;2, "A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Bearpaw Shale (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of Montana demonstrates multiple evolutionary reductions of neck length within Elasmosauridae", https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2017.1339233, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03115518.2017.1339233, "On the reptilian orders, Pythonomorpha and Streptosauria", "Synopsis of the extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America, Part I", "A Cladistic Analysis and Taxonomic Revision of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia)", "Note on some of the generic modifications of the plesiosaurian pectoral arch", "Notes on the Sauropterygia of the Oxford and Kimeridge Clays, mainly based on the Collection of Mr. Leeds at Eyebury", "On the Remains and Affinities of five Genera of Mesozoic Reptiles", "The nature of the shoulder girdle and clavicular arch in Sauropterygia", "A revision of the classification of the Plesiosauria with a synopsis of the stratigraphical and geographical distribution of the group", "A new species of elasmosaur from the Aptian of Columbia and a review of the Cretaceous plesiosaurs", "The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria", "Comparative cranial anatomy of two North American plesiosaurs", 10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0973:PDAPPO>2.0.CO;2, 10.1671/0272-4634(2003)23[104:TEPACF]2.0.CO;2, "Lepidosauromorpha: Elasmosauridae." less specialized) than other elasmosaurids with the exception of Libonectes. << It's called Ogopogo (seriously!) Anyway my great great great great Grandparents probably liked their rum. /CSpg /DeviceGray endobj /Border [0 0 0] [50] Storrs, Arkhangelsky, and Efimov were less specific, labelling it as an indeterminate plesiosaur;[51] this classification was followed by Alexander Averianov and V. K. Popov in 2005. Also, seals would escape predation from time to time, and we'd see evidence of bite marks on those that got away, as we do with shark attacks on seals. This is unfortunate because based on the figures, the pectoral girdle of Elasmosaurus appears to be atypical for elasmosaurids – it retains a pectoral bar connecting the coracoids to the scapulae on the midline, and a long midline suture between the scapulae. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. [32] Three shorter vertebrae found alongside E. intermedius, assigned by Cope to the new genus and species Embaphias circulosus,[42] were also considered by Welles to be a nomen dubium in 1962. endobj [96], The soft, muddy sea floor probably received very little sunlight, but it teemed with life due to steady rains of organic debris from plankton and other organisms farther up the water column. The articular surfaces of the vertebrae in the front of the neck were broad oval, and moderately deepened, with rounded, thickened edges, with an excavation (or cavity) at the upper and lower sides. [57] Another was E. haasti, originally Mauisaurus haasti, named by James Hector in 1874 based on remains found in New Zealand. Only Albertonectes had more neck vertebrae, 75, and the two are the only plesiosaurs with a count higher than 70; more than 60 vertebrae is very derived (or "advanced") for plesiosaurs. Cope had also discovered another large skeleton that bore great resemblance to the known remains of E. orientalis from the black shale of the "Cretaceous bed No. The reconstruction showed Elasmosaurus with a short neck and a long tail, unlike other plesiosaurs, and Cope was also unsure whether it had hind limbs.
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